The white things are brochosomes.
http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~rakitov/brochosomes.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brochosome
To my knowledge only the female sharpshooters store the brochosomes as a single "chalky" spot for egg protection.
Sckel, I'm not sure. I have video of one making the spots. It appears that it secreted the liquid and wiped it on its wings using its legs. http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/23212195
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