Common Mime caterpillar

Nice work detectives. This appears to be the same mature larvae that you posted on inaturalist. http://www.treknature.com/gallery/Asia/Thailand/photo113518.htm http://www.flickr.com/photos/balakrishnan_valappil/2535986732/in/photostream/

Looks very similiar to a Papilio aegeus caterpillar i found once, however i don't think they're found in India. Also looks similiar to some Papilio helenus photos i've seen but it's tricky. Good luck :)

Papilio demoleus is possible but I am not certain because I cannot rule out the several other similar species. I saw your other caterpillar but cannot find a name for you :(

Notice from this image that your caterpillar is young and most images on line are of late instars which are green and rather similar between species. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Papilio_demoleus_1600X1200.jpg There are several in the genus 'Papilio' that yours might be.

The giant swallowtail is American. There are several local possibilities. Your image is an early instar and it will look different as it gets larger.

Yes, I'm sure that is correct but I don't know the Indian ones well enough.. Here is a similar one I found on Citrus in my garden this season, in cold southern Australia http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/19313432

It looks like the young larvae of an orchard swallowtail (Papilio aegeus) and is feeding on citrus. I think there are other possibilities. http://evc23bohosouth.wordpress.com/2011/02/16/swallowtail-butterflies/