Flat-topped Goldenrod

E. graminifolia is a native, facultative wetland plant
that usually occurs in wetlands (67–99%) but is
occasionally found in non-wetlands.

Infusions with flower heads were used by the Forest
Potawatomi to cure fevers. Leaves and oil have been
used as a diuretic, diaphoretic, astringent, pulmonary
aid, analgesic, and stimulant. It was used as a hunting
medicine by the Ojibwa tribe (Great Lakes region) by
smoking flowers to simulate the odor of a deer’s
hoof. They also infused the flowers to relieve chest
pain. The Chippewa used a decoction of the root to
relieve lung trouble and chest pain.