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American toad
Anaxyrus americanus
36.9694, -90.1519
Field Notes
Description:
The cranial crest is not well developed in this presumably juvenile specimen so that character cannot be used to determine identity between the similar Fowler's and American toads. However another character tends toward the American toad (formerly Bufo americanus). American toads have 1-2 warts per spot, whereas Fowler's has 3-4 warts per spot. This specimen was spotted in the heart of the range of dwarf American toad (Anaxyrus americanus charlesmithi) subspecies (southern Missouri) but given its small size and that there are known intergrades of the eastern American toad subspecies in the state, I hesitate to speculate further.
Habitat:
In the peripheral garden surrounding the visitor center, Mingo National Wildlife Refuge. Surrounding habitat: a small area of glade backed by upland oak-hickory forest.
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