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Long-jawed Orb-weaver

Tetragnatha sp.

Photo by John B.
Published on Project Noah
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Field Notes

Description:

The Long-jawed Orb-weaver is very interesting. It has a long cylindrical abdomen, which caught my attention, the first time I saw this kind of spider. However, I soon realized that the legs are probably the most fascinating feature. The rear legs (the fourth pair) are about twice the length of the abdomen (which is not too unusual), but the third pair are so short that I had to look carefully to check if they were undamaged. Then the second pair look fairly normal (roughly the same length as the rear pair), but the front legs just seem to go on forever. They are almost four times the length of the abdomen. My overall impression was that this spider must have a slow and perhaps clumsy gait, but it moves very quickly when required and never seems to miss a toe-hold. The common name of this spider is the Long-jawed Orb-weaver and I was wondering why it was not called "Long-legged" rather than "Long-jawed". So I looked up the meaning of Tetragnatha and found that it means "Four- jawed". It is all very confusing, but the explanation is that the jaws are indeed long and they are also hinged. So, when folded, they look like four. The purpose of the hinges is that, when mating, the male can use his hinged jaws to hold the chelicerae of the female to prevent her from killing and eating him. This explanation is given by https://southwickcountrypark.com/2022/08/17/tetragnatha-extensa/#:~:tex….....

Habitat:

This Tetragnatha sp. was spotted, in a rice field, at a time when the the rice was tall and almost fully grown. Its orb web was moored on the tall leaves and stems of the crop. This kind of spider is always a welcome guest as it helps to reduce the insect pest population.

Notes:

The orb webs of spiders from the Family Tetragnathidae are generally small and the hub is open. The radial strands are wider apart than those of orb-weavers from other families. The spiral is also wide-set. Tetragnathids do not build retreats and do not use signal lines. This information comes from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-jawed_orb_weaver.....

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